Ghalin History

TITLE: All-Over Animal and Floral Carpet

ORIGIN: Herāt, Afghanistan or probably Center of Iran, Isfahan

EOCH. PERIOD: Safavid Empire, Iran

DATE: 16^th Century

MATERIAL: Wool, Silk

TECHNIQUE: Persian knot, 515,900 knots per sq. m (333 knots per sq.in)

• 77 knots per 10 cm. across
• 67 knots per 10 cm. lengthwise

DIMENSIONS : 185 x 120 cm (73 x 47 in.)

• Warp of yellow silk
• Weft of light brown Silk
• Wool Pile

LOCATION: Collections of the Österreichisches Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Vienna, Austria

NOTE:

This segment represents one-eighth of the original carpet, featuring a design adorned with an array of flowers and animals. The carpet is richly populated with diverse fauna and flora. In one scene, a predatory lion is depicted tearing into a cow, while elsewhere, a leopard patiently awaits its prey, and a dragon adds to the captivating imagery.

The border of the carpet boasts a striking design. Comprising three sections, it is woven into the central and principal area known as the large “Toranj.” These “Toranj” motifs are embellished with finely detailed flowers and leaves, complemented by cloud-bands and foliage. The unique coloring of this carpet, coupled with the harmonious shapes and intricate design, culminates in the creation of a truly exquisite piece.

The origin of this carpet is a subject of debate. Some attribute its creation to Herāt in western Afghanistan, while others argue for Isfahan, Iran. Unfortunately, the brown wool in this carpet has undergone transformation during the dyeing process, affected by a mordant.